A commission in Nepal has recommended the prosecution of former Prime Minister Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli over his alleged role in the deadly September 2025 uprising that led to his removal from office, according to a leaked report.

The unrest, which took place on September 8 and 9, 2025, left at least 77 people dead after protests initially triggered by a brief social media ban escalated into a nationwide anti-corruption movement.

The report advised the government to investigate and prosecute Oli, stating that as the then executive head, he bore responsibility for actions taken during the crisis. It also recommended legal action against former interior minister Ramesh Lekhak and ex-police chief Chandra Kuber Khapung.

According to the findings, while there was no clear evidence of a direct order to open fire on protesters, authorities failed to take steps to prevent or halt the violence. The report described this as “negligent conduct,” noting that many victims, including minors, died as a result.

Autopsy data cited in the report indicated that most victims died from gunshot wounds, often to the chest or head. The crackdown on the first day alone reportedly killed at least 19 young people.

The uprising resulted in widespread destruction, including the burning of parliament and government offices, ultimately forcing Oli from power.

Following the crisis, former chief justice Sushila Karki assumed office as interim prime minister and established the commission to investigate the violence. The panel reportedly interviewed more than 200 individuals and compiled a 900-page report, supported by thousands of pages of evidence.

Meanwhile, the political landscape has shifted significantly, with Balendra Shah, a 35-year-old rapper-turned-politician, leading the Rastriya Swatantra Party to a landslide victory in the March 2026 elections. He is expected to be sworn in as prime minister following the inauguration of new lawmakers.